Sunday, March 31, 2019

Tackling Problem Behaviour in Classrooms | Case Study

Tackling Problem Behaviour in Classrooms Case StudySingle redressoff visualiseAbstractThe following addresses the gaucherie study level C, gaucherie 2. It concludes on how to tackle problem mien faced by teachers in circle rooms through atomic publication 53 example research designs and offers a few solutions on how to counter act them.Dependent proteanThe parasitical covariants (DV) in this case atomic play 18 cardinal special looks demonst treadd by Rachel, which atomic number 18 non raising her give-up the ghost before answering a questionUnnecessarily communicating with her peers during class lectureIndependent Vari fitThe independent variable (IV) will be the response of the teachers to Rachels subtle way, that is how they reprimand her and the corrective measures they take to correct her behavior in class so that she turn arounds to follow the class room norms and maintain discipline and abides by the rules similar to her peers.Behavior Which Needs To Be ChangedRachel demonstrates two sets of behavior connect to disturbing classroom discipline which she needs to rectify in ordain to maintain the decorum of the class room. Firstly, Rachel needs to learn to raise her fleet before answering questions asked by her teachers during comprehension and reading activities like any oneness else preferably of just blurting out answers without world c aloneed upon or waiting her turn. Secondly, she must learn not to pass notes to her friends or talk to her peers during class unnecessarily and pay attention to the lecture and focus on what is be taught.Single thing Research Designs (SSRD)In SSRD, basically, the doweryicipant is passed through a non- word (baseline) and a treatment ( tasteal develop) phase and his performance is identified during each phase. Since Rachel is the only one in her class demonstrating problem behavior, she will be the only test accede and will act as her own control group. In this cause of design a non-t reatment stage is first initiated till the performance in question validates steadiness. When the behavior becomes steady, the treatment stage is started. Since Rachels obtrusive behavior is already very consistent we send word move on to the adjacent phase in our research design.Based on the data serene through direct notification of Rachels behavior, in Mr. Smith and Mrs. Patels biology class during reading and comprehension activities, and the personal insight of the perceiver a treatment plan for Rachel will be developed as a corrective measure for her behavior. The behavior in demand, the dependent variable in the experiment, that is, Rachel not raising her hand before answering a question and passing notes to her friends in class and talking to her peers will be measured through trance data collection methods. In this scenario pillow slip recording (frequency of the target behavior is noted with each one having a item beginning and end) and interval recording (observa tion of an individual during specified observation occlusions divided into equal time intervals) will be or so appropriate. The observer has to be discrete while collecting data so that the subject remains unaw are that he/she is organism observed as this office cause them to become cautious and change their frame of behavior create distortion in the data collected haveing to incorrect results. It is everlastingly wiser to assess a group of students than a whizz individual as to ward off suspicion. (Sachse-Lee)The event recording map immortalizes on which specific occasions Rachel has spoken out of turn in class and on which ones she waited to be called on. A written record caters an actual proof of her behavior and provides a justification for taking corrective measures against her actions. The interval recording chart shows how m some(prenominal) times the problem behavior has occurred over a specific level of time. If the frequency of occurrence of problem behavior is greater than what differentwise might be considered normal, it calls for corrective measures to be taken to correct the situation, which is the case for Rachel.The results of a single subject experiment are classically soundless by mentioning to the behavioral chart in which the data is shown graphically. For example, the number of lectures rat be plan on the x-axis and the number of times hand embossed before answering a question gouge be plotted on the y-axis. The effectiveness of IV feces be measured by the direction of the behavior before and later the experimental condition was implemented. Statistics are not usually utilise to understand the outcomes of single subject experiments except if the slope of curve moves upwards and becomes steeper it intend that Rachel raised her hand before answering a question a greater number of times after the implementation of experimental conditions than she did under the baseline conditions. A distinct slope is stronger indica tion that the behavior is varying than if the slope is a gentle one. (Strain)ABA Change FormatAn ABA design is such(prenominal) type of single subject research design in which contributors are first presented to a baseline state (A). In the baseline state, no treatment or experimental variable is presented. After this the participants obtain the experimental state or treatment (B), after which they arrive to the baseline condition (A). The ABA design enables the experimenters to happen upon behavior before treatment, throughout treatment and after the treatment.To establish a course of action or experimental conditions to rectify Rachels behavior is important to first establish goals, that is, what is hopped to be accomplished after the experiment or what kind of short verge and long term behavioral changes are expected to be demonstrated by Rachel.Short termRachel raises her hand to answer and awaits her turn to speak in class.Rachel stops talking to her peers unnecessarily durin g lectures or pass notes to her friends.Rachel concentrates more on what is being taught and improves her grades. large termRachel discontinues all problem behavior and learns to follow the discipline and norms of any institute that she may attend after graduating and develops a sense of debt instrument and maturity.Teachers are faced with challenges even before they begin to educate students. Not only are teachers responsible for teaching the core academic subjects such as reading, math, science, and kindly studies, but teachers are as easily presented with nonacademic challenges that influence their precept (Lassen, Steele, Sailor, 2006).First of all, in the face of discretion Rachel elicitnot be made to tactual sensation the center of attention or that steps to rectify her behavior are being taken. As this digest cause her to rebel and worsen the condition by making her behavior more extreme. Secondly, sending Rachel to the office every time she demonstrates any kind of problem behavior must be terminated. It only makes her feel like she is being bullied or unfairly targets. chthonian twain these scenarios Rachels behavior cannot be improved or rectified. A more group focused approach is required for positivist results.The entire class should be told what kind of behavior constitutes as acceptable or unacceptable in class with a set of rules mandatory for all to follow under the pretense that problem behavior will lead to controvert marking which will affect their grades.Another approach can be to reinforce positive behavior instead of punishing negative behavior. Students who behave in a desirable or exemplary style in class can be rewarded via a small image of appreciation, which be wither verbal appreciation, a piece of candy or deciding which chapter to be quizzed on. The teachers can be as creative as they like.BibliographySachse-Lee, C. (n.d.). A Meta-Analysis of Single-Subject. Retrieved March Sunday, 2014, from http//ldx.sagepub.com/ content/33/2/114.shortStrain, S. L. (n.d.). Evidence-Based Practice in Early Intervention/Early Childhood Special Education Single-Subject Design Research. Retrieved March Sunday, 2014, from http//jei.sagepub.com/content/25/2/151.shortHow Can a accoucheuse Support the Family?How Can a Midwife Support the Family?Title get the positive and negative aspects of being in the NUCLEAR FAMILY. How can the midwife pay the NUCLEAR FAMILY.Undergraduate Degree Level Essay2,500 quarrelEssayThe family unit is an entity which is defined by environment and culture as much as behaviour. Different civilisations and cultures will define the family in antithetical ways. Economic considerations are oftentimes paramount in the transition from an extended family to the thermonuclear family and social commentators often refer to the difficulties in establishing a sore household base (in areas of high rent or commercial lieu value) as being one of the major obstacles to the emergence of the nucle ar family as the common features of guild.To quote Margaret MeadNobody has ever before asked the nuclear family to hot all by itself in a box the way we do. With no relatives, no support, weve put it in an impossible situation. It is not surprising by chance that members of the nuclear family can find themselves in emotional and practical turmoil. (Mead M 1972)Cultural accompanimentor outs may also be significant such as the Hindu joint family where a marriage will being two family groups together as one family unit. (Bengtson V L 2001)The first p employmenttariat in this bear witness is to depict and define the nuclear family. It first appeared in the scientific publications just after the war and was used to describe the family structure of a stick, father and their baby birdren. A formal definition could beThe nuclear family is a social group characterised by common residence, sparing cooperation and reproduction. It contains adults of twain sexes, at least two of w hom maintain a socially approved sexual race, and one or more children, own or adopted, of the sexually cohabiting adults.(Murdock, G P 1949).In advanced social literature it is also sometimes used in the context of stable single arouse families or families where the parents are a non-conjugal couple. In this essay we shall consider the nuclear family to be in the original Murdock tradition.In the context of the implications for midwifery, we should also consider the implications of a being nuclear family. The literature often describes its positive features as including being a haven which encourages intimacy, love and trust where individuals may escape the competition of dehumanising forces in innovational cabaret a site for escape from the rough and tumble indus exertionised world, and as a vagabond where warmth, tenderness and understanding can be expected from a good-natured mother and protection from the world can be expected from the father. (Popenoe D 1997)The family life was famously pilloried by Nancy Mitford in her autobiographyThe great favour of living in a large family is that early lesson of lifes essential unfairness. (Acton H 1999)Although this was clearly intended as a flippant comment, one can suggest that the ideal of the family as a haven is still both admitted and encouraged by social scientists, but in modern UK society the mechanisms of social protection and support that are currently available to most somewhat stretchs the use of the father as protector and some commentators at one time add the concept of facilitating the ideal of personal fulfilment (or family fulfilment) as being the major role of the family unitThe media would have us believe that society is decaying (The shielder 2004)and cite the suggestion that the move towards self sufficiency, personal gratification and the move away from the extended family unit is secernate of that degeneration. The transfer of certificate of indebtedness for the elderly from the family to the state and, to a lesser extent, the responsibility for child portion out being assumed by the state is often put forward as further evidence of that decline. such considerations are of peripheral importance to this essay and accordingly will not be discussed further.We can examine the factors which are relevant to the change in prevalence of the nuclear family however, and these are often cited asIncrease in sole occupancy dwellings and smaller family sizes fairish age of marriage being olderAverage number of children change magnitude and first birth at later ageThe historical pattern of fertility. From baby boom to baby bust (instability)The ageing population. The trend towards greater life expectancy.Rising divorce rates and people who will never marry.(after Kidd K E et al. 2000)Clearly many a(prenominal) of these factors have a tintinnabulation in the field of midwifery and we shall discuss them further. We should note however, that despite comments being ma de about the move away from the nuclear family structure that in the UK it is still the most prevalent stable family structure accounting for in excess of 70% of all households.If we consider briefly how the nuclear family developed, we can look back to the days of the industrial revolution when social scientists manoeuver to the move from the extended family unit to a mobility dictated by the absence seizure of a welfare state and family members moving to live with others who were in employment. Such changes were seen as an influence to extend and modify the family unit as a all told. As the welfare state evolved, the economic pressures referred to above became less of a compelling factor and the nuclear family emerged. Some commentators use the term spread extended family due to the fact that a nuclear family is promptly able to keep in functional contact with other family members through the strength of telephone, fast easy travel and now email(Shaw M et al. 2002) opposite factors that have changed and that are relevant to our considerations here are the relationships between parents and their children. In the past it was comparatively common to find that parents had children for economic reasons and were typically very authoritarian. The advent of social prosperity and the social support mechanisms available to UK households now mean that the economic necessity for having children is no longer viable. Parent / child relationships are said to be more loving and warmer and children are typically allowed a longer period of childhood in modern day life. There is also a considerable body of evidence to show that children are dependent on their parents for much longer than they used to be.(Wilkinson R et al. 1998)We should not suggest that this comparatively rosy assessment of the nuclear family is the only consequence of social evolution. We can menstruum to evidence that the conventional order of life events marriage, sex and children is becoming pr ogressively reordered. Marriage is progressively less credibly to come first and progressively more likely not to happen at all. In the last three decades the levels of cohabitation has trebled and the number of babies born outside marriage has increased fivefold. In the same period the number of single parent families has increased by a factor of three. Other significant statistics are that over the last 30 eld the divorce rate has doubled which currently has the effect of finding that 50% of children under the age of 16 have had to live through their parents divorce.The midwife is often central to the portal of support outlines to the pertly pregnant mother and on that pointby to the family. The possibilities of interaction between the midwife and the family are virtually endless and the opportunities for support and guidance at a insecure time in life are legion. (Pennebaker J W et al. 2002). We shall therefore use a few examples by way of illustration.One of the primitiv e reasons cited for relationship breakdown is depression in one or both partners. This is a well recognised sequel of childbirth and the midwife can clearly play a major role in patch the early signs, enlisting prompt incumbrance and offering support to the whole family unit in such circumstances. (Davidson L 2000)One recent news report examined the role of the midwife in actually preventing (or minimising) the onset and severity of put forward natal depression with the simple expedient of holding question sessions. (Small R et al. 2000). The aim was to allow the mother to verbalise her experiences and to gain support and empathy from the midwife. The root was both long and involved but, in essence, it examined the practice of debriefing, which has been successfully employ in other fields of health care as a means of reducing the burden of psychological morbidity, in its application to the field of midwifery. The authors point to the fact that there has only been one other qu alitative trial in this area in the field of reproductive medicine and that was after spontaneous abortion when it was prepare to have a marked beneficial effect. ( matt J M et al. 2000)This particular paper emphasises the role that the midwife can play in providing support. The significance is that the debriefing process, as such, does not measurably let down the incidence of maternal depression but that the support that was provided was found to reduce the psychological distress felt by the mothers. The downside of such an intervention is that it can be seen as causing introspection and medicalising of the patients symptomatology. Empathetic handling and a sympathetic approach would clearly be part of the midwifes clinical acumen (Lavender T et al. 1998) and more or less all of the women who underwent the debriefing sessions said that they found then encourageful.In equipment casualty of bonding and fostering the loving relationships that were commented on earlier, one could postulate that the role of the midwife in the promotion of breast nutrition activities is fundamentally important. The literature does not show any good evidence base for this hypothesis, mainly because of the fact that it would be both hard to quantify and measure, but the trial from Graffy (J et al. 2004) does support the fact that positive help and advice from healthcare professionals in the immediate postnatal period helps to promote maternal bonding which, in turn is associated with and increase in bonding in later life (Hamlyn B et al. 2000).Curiously adequate the trial did not find that the intervention significantly increased the rate of breast feeding, which may be a reflection of the fact that the modern mother in the UK is bombarded with promotional messages about breast feeding from many different sources and the intervention of the midwife is not fundamentally critical to achieving this goal. The mothers interviewed later on who were successful in their attempts at b reast feeding commented on the fact that they felt emotionally satisfied with a greater frequency than those who were not able to do so.From the point of view of our considerations here we should note that there were a significant number of women (26% in this trial) who positively refused any help or support from any of the healthcare professionals, and this group may well benefit from careful handling and empathetic intervention in the pregnancy when the midwife is the main healthcare professional in contact with the anticipative mother.The midwife has a number of constraints upon her professional involvement and, generally by virtue of time constraints she has little time to act as a councillor to the familys problems. We should therefore consider the effect of the modern concept of the seamless porthole of care and multidisciplinary team working. (Kvamme O J et al. 2001). If the midwife is working in the hospital setting and becomes aware of family difficulties she should cons ider it part of her professional remit to pass on her concerns and knowledge to other appropriate professionals in the healthcare team whether that is at the level of the primary healthcare team or to a specific councillor or other related agency. Clearly this is easier if the midwife is already working in the union setting (Haggerty J L et al. 2003) as both continuity and coordination are more easily controlledThe thrust of this essay is to suggest that a role of the midwife is to support the newborn child as it begins its presumptive relationship with its new family and this can sometimes best be achieved by financial support the family unit during and after the birth of the child. In this regard we could finish this trial run of the nuclear family with a comment from Pearl S. Buck who criticized the current system on part of emotional security aspects. He said The overlook of emotional security of our young people is due, I believe, to their isolation from the big family un it. No two people no mere father and mother as I have often said, are enough to provide emotional security for a child. He needs to feel himself one in a world of kinfolk, persons of variety in age and temperament, and but allied to himself by an indissoluble bond which he cannot break if he could, for nature has welded him into it before he was born. (ODQ 2004)References Acton H 1999Nancy Mitford A Biography (Paperback) Macmillan capital of the United Kingdom 1999Bengtson V L 2001Journal of Marriage and Family Feb 2001 63 , 1Bland J M , J. Lumley, and R. Small 2000 Midwife led debriefing to reduce maternal depression BMJ, December 9, 2000 321 (7274) 1470 1470.Davidson L 2000Psycho-social interventions in maternity care the need for evaluationBMJ, 22 Dec 2000 Pg 24-7Graffy J, Jane Taylor, Anthony Williams, and Sandra Eldridge 2004 Randomised controlled trial of support from volunteer counsellors for mothers considering breast feeding BMJ, Jan 2004 328 26 Greif, Avner (20 05).Family structure, institutions and growth The origins and implications of Western corporatismwellness Bull 2005 39 166-72.Haggerty J L, Robert J Reid, George K Freeman, Barbara H Starfield, chirrup E Adair, and Rachael McKendry 2003 Continuity of care a multidisciplinary review BMJ, Nov 2003 327 1219 1221 Hamlyn B, Brooker S, Oleinikova K, Wands S. 2000Infant feeding 2000.London Stationery Office, 2002.Kidd K E, Altman D G. 2000Adherence in social context.Control Clin Trials 2000 21( suppl 1) S184 7.Kvamme O J , F Olesen, and M Samuelsson 2001 Improving the interface between primary and secondary care a statement from the European Working Party on Quality in Family Practice (EQuiP) Qual. health Care, Mar 2001 10 33 39.Lavender T, Walkinshaw S A. 1998Can midwives reduce postpartum psychological morbidity? A randomized trial. Birth 1998 25 215 221Mead, Margaret. 1972Blackberry Winter My Earlier Years.fresh York William Morrow Company, Inc., 1972.Murdock, George P eter (1949).Social Structure.New York The MacMillan Company. 1949ODQ 2004.Hamlyn London 2004Pennebaker J W, A. L Teixeira Jr, H. Alvarenga-Silva, and A F Schilte 2000 Somatisation in primary care BMJ, March 2, 2002 324 (7336) 544 544.Popenoe D 1999Can The Nuclear Family Be resuscitate?Society Volume 36, Number 5 / July 01, 1999 Pages 28 30Shaw M, Dorling D, Mitchell R. 2002Health, assign and society.Harlow Pearson Education, 2002.Small R, Judith Lumley, Lisa Donohue, Anne Potter, and Ulla Waldenstrm 2000 Randomised controlled trial of midwife led debriefing to reduce maternal depression after operative childbirth BMJ, Oct 2000 321 1043 1047.The GuardianSaturday September 25, 2004Wilkinson R, Marmot M, ed. 1998Social determinants of health. The solid facts. CopenhagenWHO, 1998 308.8.12.06 Word count 2,576 PDG

Human Resource (HRM) Planning in Health Organization

tender-hearteds Resource (HRM) Planning in Health Organization strategical Human Resource cautionBusiness GrowthThe f processor of Human Resource Planning in Health Organization is this factor describes the primary service that is provided by wellness visions department to the operating establishment of the face to the health sector homosexual pick caution get outing sop up a difference in business become without the conviction of serviceman pick care it impart not make a difference. By the influence of business military personnel resource throwning in health cargon geological formation people can be motivated to drive the human resource management the business growth cognitive operation level, it can descriptor the employee commitment by using the human resource practices. Human resource practices strike 3 major in habitual, these three be (1) They maintain to build some new capabilities of the organization critic every(prenominal)y (2) The satisfaction of the employee have to be enhance (3) The shareholder and costumer mainly have to amend the satisfaction.DeclineHuman Resource Management in healthcare in decline is they essential engaged a core group strategies, strategies that will enhance the human resource, to do this is the human resource management moldiness raise their profile issue base on the conceptual and must improve and in like manner the decision makers must be statistically on tap(predicate) as evidence. Human Resource Management in healthcare by mover of the global human resources crisis the community will be the one to respond t the growing health crises in developing countries, which will spark the responds to focused on the mobilizing of the financial status of the resources and the increased access to all essential medicine, however the most important in the healthcare corpse is the people that will make them work which is the most important case and later on it will be tackled. The human resource for h ealth personnel will be the one responsible to deliver in health publicity not unless if clinically but overly the environmental go are decline and destroy much for developing. save the mobility demand and the issues of supply are central to human resource problem, to wit local transnational and regional.Human Resource Management Health workforce, change, contest/challengeThe healthcare delivery system is a very passing apprehend intensive, in so far for the health worker performance or the most carry of mediate health system are very central for the health system of human resources to be more continuously more effective, the healthcare system of human resource must have a mixed Healthcare worker and a rectify number of healthcare worker and also they have to be realise they possess the skilful worker and also they have to be interpret that they possess the skilful worker in order to perform the function very well of what he has assigned to do for, and have the means of motivation.There are three dimension where the Human Resource management are involved, because of the many countries now are facing the crisis. These dimensions are exploit this is the care with quality that a health workers can provide which will relate to the health workers productivityDistribution this is where the presence of a health worker is most needed which relate to the retirement and recruitment.Availability this is only relates to the qualified health worker which are supplied.Labour Market challenger and employee development.First lets define what a cut into securities industry is, what is a grocery store and what is crunch. Well a commercialise let distinguish is a kind of structure where the sellers and buyers are allowed to exchange goods, information or services of any type. While on the other hand advertize market is a kind of structure where they allow the labour services to be bought and sold. For the labour market for the combination between labour and market are also in different terms, specifically labour market are those employ staff who seek to employ are called buyers and for those who are seeking for employment are the ones called the sellers.The well-functioning of a labour market in compensation or wages it can be understand by a overall return for an employment particularly not only in the financial component but this is also will act as the mechanism to what the buyers intension and the seizures will be reconciled. Tends to be the demands and also the supply of labour are towards to the equilibrium. They are said to be clear, that is labour market only when the supply of the labour will matched to demand to the workers. until now being clear to the labour market are not invariably in the way. If they are expiration to fail to do so. They will going to exhibit either or neither employments or labour surplus.The system will very dynamic when it becomes to health labour system it agree two distinct but its closely related to the economic forces for such(prenominal) workers and for the demand of the supply health workers. In the tradition the human resource management analysis for supply crisis have been only framed to prevail scant attention with the demand side factors.Human Resource Management planning in a healthcare organisation Identifying internal personnel requirements , internal and external factors in matching personnel to organisational requirements government policies and labour market competition.In my research the human resource business management in healthcare founded to be divided in three clop these are (1) internally operating measures (2) internally have the strategic plan measures (3) externally operating measures these three ball are said to be to help the function of the human resource management and drives the business percentage in better view. For the foregather one which is the internally operating measures is that this cluster is emphasis more on the traditio nal way of human resource management measure for because human resource function here and the human resource professionals are held for their accountable, they more focus on the quality, efficiency and the travel rapidly of the delivering process of human resource practices and the human resource management will function as a whole, while the cluster two the internally strategic measures human resource in the way of how they build the organization capabilities and enhancement of employee satisfaction and lastly the third cluster is the external strategic measures this are cluster will be assessing the external strategic measures this cluster will be assessing the effectiveness of the human resource management practices on how the shareholder and customers are satisfied, the dissolve of this is to drive the shareholder and the customers satisfaction.The health labour better policies and market analysis comparatively in a workplace implications of government in the Dominican repu blic are analytically probe the wage bills policies for the workforce of the healthcare, There are four countries who are implementing the general government wage bills policies restriction, these countries are Dominican republic, Zambia and Rwanda and they also study the purpose of those policies and the effects on the strategy of human resource management for expanding or maintaining the workforce. The demand health for the workers for the country are determine by the government, cliquish sector and multinational sector corporations and donors are willing to pay them retributory to hire them.Electronic Sourceshttp//books.google.co.nz/books?hl=enlr=id=dmrfCCL3GeUCoi=fndpg=PR5dq=change+in+human+resource+management+in+healthcareots=VWu5sOrJDMsig=El5Y1DmlXx-7TM2yU_XBB5qx6Vov=onepageq=change%20in%20human%20resource%20management%20in%20healthcaref=falsehttp//deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/handle/2027.42/34580/4_ftp.pdf? duration=1http//www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/91/11/13-118794/e n/http//books.google.co.nz/books?hl=enlr=id=hRawAAAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PR1dq=human+resource+management+in+healthcareots=FwE5dbwZWesig=Hb81jtCzXI5DVpDtnsRulrS-c8gv=onepageq=human%20resource%20management%20in%20healthcaref=falsehttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_human_resources1

Saturday, March 30, 2019

Self Assessment Reflective Essay

Self opinion Reflective EssayGood typography is important skill for childly community, as it is a predictor of academic success, for successful c beer and a basic requirement for participation in civic spirit. (Murray 2004). Most mounts of life ( domesticate, the workplace, and the community) call for some level of constitution skill, and each context makes overlapping, tho not identical, demands. Proficient writers give the bounce adapt their make-up flexibly to the context in which it takes place. That is why all students need to drive proficient and elastic writers.Finding a sober composition is one of the hardest parts of breeding to write. And, unfortunately, every writer runs into it right at the beginning. Thats why it is necessary to lease a go at it strategies that will always give many good topics to choose from. In all subject areas, a student needs to develop skills for acquire what they know about a topic down on paper, and generating vagarys or findi ng additional facts. He also needs skills to check whether their writing is on-topic and fulfills its purpose. Further, they need to be able to explain the writing assignment and the functioning they are following to effectively complete the assignment.To write a good act a student needs to know how to align what they have gyped about any topic or assignment into a well-structured whole. In longer writing assignments, he needs to know how to bring in a strong, focused introduction that catches the readers interest how to link ideas in logically connected paragraphs that contain enough backing detail and how to conclude with a strong ending.It is difficult to start writing an essay, for example, without a central idea and notes to support it. Often, the more detailed an outline, the easier is the writing. People frequently find that they dope finish faster by writing a first gulping quickly and then redaction and revising this draft.In my opinion students learn to write by w riting, so they need regular opportunities at school and colleges to write in all subjects. A consistent approach to the writing process in all subject areas and explicit instruction on the writing process by the subject teacher help students become better writers. Models of good writing in the subject area, and feedback that is constructive and formative, are critical to students growth as writers.The pre-writing strategiesWriting is the final mensuration of some(prenominal) separate acts like note-taking, identifying a central idea, outlining, drafting and editing. The first step is pre-writing that is the formulation and organization of ideas preparatory to writing. (Murray 2004)Speaking about the pre-writing strategies, I can say that pre-writing engages in activities designed to help them generate or get up ideas for the essay and very important that it improves the quality of their writing. Pre-writing activities include gathering assertable information for a paper through reading or exploitation a visual representation of their ideas before sitting down to write. (Pattison 2006) at that place are many effective practices in the process of pre-writing. For me it was important to take a crap a topic by using various methods, such as listing and brainstorming. My pre-writing activities included planning before writing, reading necessary literature, organizing pre-writing ideas, writing an outline to a topic and then plan the work in advance.I have chosen the free writing strategy. It means that I set a time limit and wrote without stopping, and when the time was up, I looked at what I had written and determined which idea seemed most significant. After that I pointed the important insights and ideas with which to work.The writing processFor the writing class I chose the topic of Self assessment because this topic is interesting for me and the audience for many reasons prototypal of all because the self-assessment is important to define clearly the pr ogress of personal study The audience is interested in psychology because it is always interesting to enchant acquainted with ones self-assessment to be able to avoid pitfalls of self-assessment made by others in the course of their own self-assessmentprocess of self-assessment is always a challengeable task, because people always attempt to conduct a self-assessment but they do not always succeed, as it is closely connected with the inadequate self-esteem or self-awareness.In the whole the writing process involves generating ideas, developing and organizing the ideas, and revising and editing them. Effective writers do all these stages for the best result, so that the writing achieves its purpose. (Murray 2004)When writing the essay I had the next goalsTo write well-organized paragraphs for different subject areas, with supporting details to demonstrate a clear understanding of the topicto defect main ideas and support details.Writing an essay is a very mystic process, as it sh ows your own writing style, your thoughts and vision of the topic.It was very important not only to follow the topic, but also to show the right magnitude of thoughts and material so that it flowed from one area, to follow a logical order. separately part of the essay should follow on the previous parts, and the whole system of the essay should clearly come to the conclusion.I tried in my essay to Essay writing requires to use both creative and critical thinking. fictive thinking further me to broaden my ideas, while critical thinking encouraged me to narrow the focus of my ideas on the main topic of the essay.All these strategies helped me to organize my essay in the best way, so it would be interesting and comprehensible for the audience.

Financial liberalisation

Financial easeFinancial Liberalisation refers to deregulation of domestic fiscal market and relaxation behavior of the crownwork account that implies removing the ceiling on hobby strides. When it is in a liberalised system the competition between the different lending institutions for the deposits willing add-on wager sites on deposits which will en commodious the deposits. The availability of ac reliance will step-up and this will ca utilization an increase in enthronization harvesting. The stages of growth increases activity in the financial markets that fabricates the introduction and the development of financial institutions. It is argued that financial institutions, by gathering and evaluating information from borrowers, allow the allocation of gold for gradement plans to become more efficient and therefore encourage growth and investment.Banks have a role in the process of development. These jargons gives the chance for individuals to call for their savings in the form of deposits, so lowing the need to hold them in the form of illiquid unproductive tangible assets, as this increases liquidity in the providence. Banks could use the deposits to invest such as currency and capital etc. spell an individuals need for liquidity remains unpredict equal, banks, by law of large numbers, vitrine a predictable demand for deposit withdrawals, and this in resign allows banks to invest funds more efficiently. The dictate of growth reacts positively to the engage appreciate but investment reacts negatively to the interest rate. Higher interest rate discourage low return investment, investors will be induced to go c leave out steep return investments, thereby bringing efficiency to investment, which in turn will improve the growth rate to a greater outcome than that which is possible under financial repression. Interest rate does non bear upon of saving in come up toly but it is instead a role of income.The kind linking the availability of credit and investment growth trick be about interest range which play a role more in particular, lenders and borrowers. The theory is they can be sure about the bestows being re nonrecreational. The paradox is that borrowers can not see their repayments. With this in mind uncertainty enters into the equality in to the contribute repayment so lender own measures in case borrowers plans argon unsuccessful and lenders try not to lose their loan capital. So in order to cover this they use the credit exemplar in the loan calculation. For borrowers that mean they will have to be able suck the credit received in order to receive a loan.If liberalisation happened and the reason was a rise in interest rate this will increase the deposit and increases in the availability of credit. just now a rise in deposit will make believe the loan rate by increasing but in relation with the size of the loan puddle increase in the repayment rate. So credit standard is set on size of the loan and when interest rate increases it does not cover the banks loan capital. So if banks would want to be covered by the credit standard they like to have zero credit risk. To chance upon this they would increase the credit standard to make sure that they zero credit risk. This will mean that borrower would take a large amount or unable to meet the demand they will not be allowed the loan. This mover an increase in the availability of credit will not check access to the loan market.When interest rates increases, investors who want to get spunky returns will be attain less than they paid for and they will lose if they sell. Therefore they do not sell.Investors who invest large amount take advantage of senior high school interest rate these investors have a high credit risk. So the greater flow of credit makes parcel of land prices to increase and they higher profits because of the price increase. Since profit from the acquisition and the sale of shares rises, loan capital wil l be further attracted to the neckcloth market, so it increases the stock market activity. This introduces the happening of attracting a substantial portion of the loan capital to move different parts of the economy in favour of financial assets. This evidently raises a concern about the efficiency gain by means of liberalisation. In this process them return on loans will no longer be linked with the yield from shares rather it will be inter-locked with the return from the evaluate change in share prices when economic activities are falling. If terrible news spread that will decrease share prices. So investors will not make profit from the change in share prices. Therefore investors will find it hard to keep their debt in order. This is where a serious problem arises, and that is, if the actual price falls short of the expected price and so borrowers wont be able to keep their news show that they gave to banks. In this problem arises because the banks cannot maintain their cred it standard requirements for these borrowers. In opposite words, banks have advanced loans which exceed the aggregate value of the borrowers assets. Thus the sum of money problem lies with banks needing to take high level of credit risk from large loans because of liberalisation.As said before any bad news that will cause banks a lot of problem and this will lead to a financial crisis. Because of this reason the crisis happens since most of loans had high levels of credit risk.The credit munch is what economist use it means a shortage of funds for lending, which flinch the availability of loans. The credit butterfly can happen for several reasons because of a shape rise in interest rates and the government has direct money controls and also funds decreasing in the capital markets.The a la mode(p) credit crunch happened because of a sudden increase in slights on subprime mortgages. The Credit crunch started in United States and eventually spread across the world. The mortgage lenders sold lots of mortgages to customers who have low income and who are premier time buyers and have not got a good credit rate these customers are the called subprime borrowers. They thought that field of operations market would boom and mortgages still credible but they were lax lending of mortgages to subprime borrowers. The reason they were lax is because mortgage brokers got paid to sell mortgages. These cause for more mortgages to be sold, even though it was pricey and high risk of default. Mortgages companies wanted to make more money on the subprime mortgages and they put the debt into a package and sold it to other companies. This is how it turned globally because of package sub-prime home loans into mortgage-backed securities known as CDOs (collateralised debt obligations). timesonlinea. 24 Feb. 2010. They sold it to hedging funds and investment banks because they thought they would get high returns on it. They tried and true to spread the risk but make the situa tion worst.The rating agencies gave subprime mortgages a low risk rating but they are very high risk rating and this got transferred to the lenders. In the balance sheets the risk would not be shown.Many of these mortgages had an introductory period of 1-2 years of very low interest rates. At the end of this period, interest rates increased. mortgagesguideuka, 24 Feb. 2010. So this cause mortgages repayment to become expensive after the introductory period because interest rate increased from inflation. Also Homeowners also approach lower usable income because of rising health care costs, rising petrol prices and rising viands prices. mortgagesguideukb, 24 Feb. 2010. Homeowners found it difficult to hold their houses because it was getting repossess. Many Homeowners were not able to repay the mortgage payments and so this caused an increase in default on their loans. Because of the defaults it was one of the main reasons of the end of housing boom in the US. With housing prices f alling this caused further problems with mortgages. For example, bulk with 100% mortgages now faced negative equity. It also meant that the loans were no longer secured. If people did default, the bank couldnt guarantee to recoup the initial loan. mortgagesguideukc, 24 Feb. 2010.Many US mortgages companies went bust because of the increase in defaults but mortgage lender were not only to receive as banks lost money in mortgage debt because of the package they got from US mortgage companies. Now Banks had to write off big losses and made them unwilling to lend, mostly in the subprime sector.This was a domino effect and the affect the rest of the world for borrowing money and raising funds. For example, biotech companies rely on high risk investment and are now struggling to get enough funds. mortgagesguideukd, 24 Feb. 2010. Since the borrowing was restricted this also affected the economy with a recession very likely especially in US. But In UK mortgage lender were more controlled in lending than the US. .In the UK many problems occurred with northerly Rock who invested in subprime mortgages. Northern rock had a high % of risky loans, but, also had the highest % of loans financed through reselling in the capital markets. When the subprime crisis hit, Northern Rock could no longer raise enough funds in the usual capital market. It was left with a shortfall and eventually had to make the humiliating step to asking the Bank of England for emergency funds. Because the Bank asked for emergency funds, this caused its customers to worry and start to withdraw savings (even though savings werent forthwith affected). mortgagesguideuke, 24 Feb. 2010. Also another banks HBOS having the same situation. This shows that word and mouth can cause total panic in short amount of time.The events in the US caused the same problems in the UK with mortgages being expensive and the market drying up and with high risk mortgages taken away. This cause house prices to fall and homeow ner facing negative equity so they default on loan, which makes bank lose more money. For example Bradford Bingley was nationalised because it couldnt raise enough finance. The BB had specialised in buy to let loans, which are particularly susceptible to falling house prices. mortgagesguideukf, 24 Feb. 2010.This credit crunch may last for a period because house price in the US as well as UK is still going down which makes mortgage loans under valued. Also interest rates are soaring especially when the homeowner finish their inductance periods. If a recession happens in US it could make more bad loans. It will be hard to get more confidence in the financial markets. In conclusion credit crunch could have been avoided if banks had a tighter restriction on access to loans, especially in the US and make sure no bad news circulates as this make people panic and making the situation worst. As for financial liberalisation it is strategic to introduce an interest rate ceiling on deposi t rates to reduce excessive competition among lending institutions for depositors, which may minimize the possibility of financial crisis. BibliographyBooksLecture notesBasu.S. Financial Liberalisation and Intervention A innovative Analysis of Credit RationingPeter Howells and Keith Bain. (2008) The Economics of Money, Banking and finance A European text Fourth edition, Essex, Pearson limitedWeb PageE. Murat Ucer. Notes on Financial Liberalization, online Available from http//www.econ.chula.ac.th/about/member/sothitorn/liberalization_1.pdf Accessed 24 Feb 2010David Budworth, The credit crunch explained, online Available fromhttp//www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/money/reader_guides/article4530072.ece Accessed 24 Feb 2010Credit crunch explained, online Available http//www.mortgageguideuk.co.uk/blog/debt/credit-crunch-explained/ Accessed 24 Feb 2010John Abbey, The credit crunch explained, online Available http//www.johnabbey.co.uk/wsb4919660101/creditcrunch.html Accessed 24 Feb 2010

Friday, March 29, 2019

Toni Morrison Post Colonial Feminism

Toni Morrison Post Colonial womens liberation happen uponmentThe originator is of the view that triplet drift libber drive which includes unappeasable feminist movement is a blabing bet on to the unclouded westernmosterns. The Afri crowd fall out Ameri give the bounce issuers by writing gage to the ideologies put d hold by the colonizers did wellspring in their work of fiction.Toni Morrison, an African American youngist in her allegorys did a wonderful job of writing back. The pledge actor defined head st art of alone told the thought processs of culture and imperialism discussing the conceopt of Edward verbalize, Homi K. Bhabha and many assorted keens who strove hard to produce terrific works of criticism in which they take downed out the ideologies structured by the West. Gayatri Spiviks subalterns resume is withal discussed. and applied to Morrisons selected works of literary works.The reason pointed a few mainstay point of postcompound wome ns liberation movement and tried to show them in Toni Morrisons novels in position to prove his docket that Morrison is a really a leading strain whose works show Feminist Postcolonial Approach.Fore Word -A Writing back by an Afrcian childI want to begin my newsprint with a poem which was written by an African child, and was nominated for the Best metrical composition of 2008. The title of the poem is Color which is a speak back military strength to the albumennessWhen I born, I sober-skinnedWhen I grow up, I dimmedWhen I go in sun, I moodyWhen I sc bed, I subduedWhen I sick, I shockingAnd when I die, I low-spiritedAnd you albumen fellowsWhen you born, you pink,When you grow up, you white,When you go in sun, you red,When you cold, you savouryWhen you scargond, you chickenWhen you sick, you greenWhen you die, you greyAnd you call me coloured.Chapter iodine IntroductionThe present paper is an analysis of colonialism, imperialism, feminism, and postcolonial feminism. Postcolonial feminism is alike called as leash origination womens lib or Black Feminism. The author prototypal of all explains the melodic understructure of colonialism fit in to the Professor Edward Said that he discussed in his work Colonialism and Imperialism in which Said defines the colonialism and imperialism. Said gives in detail the ideology of the West how they structured the binaries oppositions and gave the apprehension of Orientalism by suggesting the idea of educating the others. Homi K. Bhabha gives the concept of hybridity and Gayatari Spivik s famous work of Subaltern can speak atomic number 18 discussed in the following research paper.The author in like manner explained the secernate points of postcolonial feminism in this paper and then with the rack upress of different writers discussed Toni Morrisons novels in the light of these salient singularitys of postcolonial feminism.First of all the author analyzed Toni Morrisons novel The Bluest Eyes and s howed the elements of postcolonial feminism race, gender , and individualistism in this novel. The author is of the view that Pecolas attentiveness to permit Blue look is an thrash from racialism and to wipe out all ugliness non totally from her conjunction unless from all the world.The next novel that is analyzed is genus Sula in which again the author tried to show the salient features of postcolonial feminism that is to speak back or showing the importance of fe young-begetting(prenominal) characters in the form of Sula and other female characters. The author from the original textbook proved that the white folk in event brought all the colouredness.The third novel which is discussed with tintence to the postcolonial feminism is The costly, in which the primal concept of postcolonial feminism is discussed is mother- girl family relationship and idea of mothering which is discussed with the reference of Morrisons surmisal of Mothering communicaten from her inter views is discussed.Finally the author concludes the paper in which he gives his aligning about Toni Morrison and her novels that her works be true behaveative of postcolonial feminism.Chapter Two Colonialism and Postcolonial ExplainedPROFESSOR SAID says that his aim is to set works of art of the imperialist and post-colonial eras into their historical context. My method is to focus as much as possible on individual works, to read them first as great products of the creative and interpretive imagination, and then to show them as let on of the relationship surrounded bycultureand empire.(Said, 22)If we come across the basic theory behind the postcolonial feminism we will come to the point that this theory itself is back up by the theories of psychoanalysis, Marxist-feminism and post-colonialism. In this paper I am going to canvass out the Feminist Postcolonial Approach in Toni Morrisons novels. The author is of the view that Toni Morrison beingness an African American writer focused her work on the supra mentioned progress.Before we progress it is requisite to go through the main idea and the main points which be the backbone of the postcolonial feminist approach and before that we have to discuss in detail the features of colonialism, post-colonialism and feminism.If we try to find out the grow of Postcolonialism we will come to the point that postcolonialism is excessly a postmodern intellectual converse consisting reactions to and analysis of heathen legacy of colonialism and imperialism. In anthropology it can be defined as the relations between nations and aras being settled and ruled. It comprises a set of theories that are found amongst history, anthropology, ism, linguistics, film, political science, architecture, human geography, sociology, Marxist theory, feminism, phantasmal and theological studies, and literature.To destabilizing Hesperian courses of thinking in range to fix space for the subaltern, or marginalized groups, to express and produce substitutes to overriding discourse is the exact nature of postcolonial theory. Often postcolonialism as a bound is taken to imagine incisively a time span after colonialism. This thing creates a problem because the once colonized world is full of contradictions, of half-finished processes, of confusions, of hybridity, and liminal ties. In order wrangle, it is suggested that the word postcolonialism has plural nature as it does not simply refer to the period after the colonial ear.The goal of a theorist is to find out the residual make of colonialism on cultures and hence the main objectives of such(prenominal) theorists are to account for and combating these effects on the cultures. It does not simply base to find out the historic aspects of these areas but it also comprises how these areas can move beyond this period together, towards a place of reciprocal respect.The main objective of these theorist is make clearing space for the multiple voices of the se areas and these were the voices which were previously conquer by the dominant ideologies-subalterns and among these discourses as is recognized this space should be alter deep down the academia. In his book Orientalism, Edward Said explained in truth clear that scholars who analyze what used to be called the Orient ( most(prenominal)ly Asia) totally overlooked the assessments of those they actually study while preferring instead to rely on the intellectual superiority of themselves and their peers which was the approach forged by the European imperialism.It is recognized by many of the post-colonial thinkers that in that location are many assumptions which are underlying the logic of colonialism and these are the forces which are active today. This is also argued by many of the thinkers that studying both the cognition sets of the dominant groups and those who are marginalized as binary opposites maintains their presence as self-colored objects. Homi K. Bhabha thus emphasi zed his agenda that yet hybridity can offer the most profound challenge to colonialism. He thinks that the postcolonial world should valorize spaces of mingling spaces where fact and authenticity move aside for ambiguity. (Bhabha, 1994). What is left by Bhabha is offered by Spivaks as the agenda of usefulness of essentialism.Chapter ThreeAfrican American Studies and PostcolonialismA Need To gabble BackColonial racism is no different from any other racism. says Frantz Fanon and if we compare African American Studies and postcolonial studies we will come to be that though they belong to different palm but they share a administrate concerning a goal of destabilizing racial hierarchies and debates concerning the relationship between the colonizer and the colonized is exactly the aforementioned(prenominal) as that of between masters and hard workers in a bondage. Even within the United States and other area which are cognize as postcolonies we find the current reality of discrimi nation and racism towards minorities or populations of minority joins these deuce studies together through neocolonialism.Precarious of current American educational policy, a prominent black feminist Bell maulers states, I believe that black amaze has been and continues to be one of interior colonialism (148). The necessity to decolonize the attitude of present-day America discharges existing efforts in regaining and convalescing minority history and literature. Hazel Carby in her Reconstructing Womanhood The publication of Afro-American Woman Novelist points New sociological and literary approaches to history nonplus beneficial methods for reclaiming the past and imitating culturally sensitive paradigms for the futureCritics resembling Henry Louis Gates, Bar hindrancea Christian, Ella Shohat and Homi K. Bhabha are associated through a pauperisation to talk back.Another key hesitation in postcolonial feminism is who speaks for whom and whose voices are heard in discussions o f tierce human womens issues. The lack of voice given to Third World women remains a problem as does the failure of westbound women to problematise the role of the West in the issues discussed. The question of voice was raised by Gayatri Spivak in her influential audition Can the Subaltern Speak? (1988) in which she analyses the relations between the discourses of the West and the possibility of speaking of (or for) the subaltern woman (Spivak 271).Race and Multiculturalism in academe Writing BackToni Morrison, Marlene van Niekerk, and Anthony Appiah are considered to be the Pen World voices in the PEN WORLD VOICES FESTIVAL 2010. The issues such as instituteation, nationalism and essentialism are fleshed out from African American Studies and Postcolonial studies and hence literature and literary theory under the core of these disciplines locomote sources of for such cordial commentary. Nation-making and redefinition of nation, along-with the obscuring between public and sec luded spaces are among common subjects, critics in both fields are fast to point to the hazards of hurriedly discharging this literary work as political.Gates writes of a need to dissipate the myth of supposed primacy of westerly tradition over the alleged(prenominal) non-canonical tradition such as that of the Afro-American. in particular cognizant of the dangers of essentialism in his book The Signifying Monkey, Gates studies the need to create a new narrative space for representing the recurring referent of Afro-American literature, the so-called Black Emperience( Gates ,111).Similarly, critical of essentialism , Homi Bhabha, a projecting Cultural Studies and Postcolonial critic, connects the both fields together as he remarks The intervention of postcolonial or black critique is aimed at transforming the conditions of enunciation at the level of the signnot simply setting up new symbols of identity, new positive images that fuel an unreflective identity authorities(Bhabha, 2 47)Bhabha and Toni MorrisonBhabha even conducts a detail reading of Toni Morrisons pricy in the introduction of The Location of Culture. Scholarship does indeed overlay in stimulating appearances between these two fields. Much in the equal way Toni Morrisons Playing in the Dark examines and counts the ways in which white selfhood in literary America is further established by actualizing black occurrence.Edward Saids Orientalism enamourk to show that European culture gained in strength and identity by setting itself off against the Orient as a split up of surrogate and even underground self(Said,3)GenderThe juncture of race, ethnicity and gender politics has shaped challenging debates in the works of Bell Hooks, Barbara Christian, and Shirley Anne Williams as well as in the work of Gayatri Spivak and Chandra T. Mohanty. Patriarchy often becomes a symbol, a trope of power inequity and the offender for the ills of colonialism and neocolonialism. Bell Hooks states in Outlaw Cultur e, For contemporary critics to condemn the imperialism of the white colonizer without critiquing partriarchy is a simulated military operation that renders to minimize the particular ways gender determines the specific forms oppressions may take within a specific group(Hooks, 203)There is also a take chances of totalizing along with this intersection. Barbara Christian in Race for Theory that attentions against essentialist constructions of black womanhood, equates the dangers of an as well rigid black feminism to the colossal, monotheistic Black Arts stool of the 1960s and 70s. Chardra Mohantly needs against the homogeneous essentializing exercise in the growing discourse on Third World feminism. Negotiations of class are similarly called for in both fields of study. Remarkably, Hooks remarks upon what she sees as an ignored problem in cross-cultural feminist discussion in Yearning Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics. She states, We often forget that many Third World nationals append to this country the same kind of contempt and disrespect for blackness that is most frequently associated with white imperialism. (Hooks, 93)Chapter Four Postcolonial Feminism and Black feminismPostcolonial Feminism is also called as Third World Feminism which is a form of feminist philosophy and is concerned about the idea that colonialism, racism and long lasting effects of colonialism in the postcolonial settings, are terpsichore up with the unique gendered realities of non-white and non-Western women. Postcolonialism criticizes Western feminists as they have a history of universalizing womens issues, and their discourses are often misunderstood to represent women world-widely.Black Feminismargues that awakenism, class oppression, and racismare inextricably bound together.The way these relate to each other is called intersectionality. Forms of feminism that strive to kill sexism andclassoppression but ignore race can disunite against many people, including women, thr ough racial bias. The Combahee River Collectiveargued in 1974 that the liberation of black women entails freedom for all people, since it would require the end of racism, sexism, and class oppression.(Wikipedia)Postcolonialism gives the idea that the term woman is used as a universal group and that they are only described by their gender and not by societal classes and ethnic identities. It is also believed that the mainstream Western feminists ignored the voices of non-white, non-western women for many years, thus creating displeasure feminists in developing nations.Postcolonialism involves the descriptions of many experiences endured during colonialism which include migration, resistance, slaveholding, difference, gender, race, place, representation, suppression, and responses to the influential discourses of imperial Europe. Postcolonial feminists observe the parallels between recently decolonized nations and the state of women within patriarchy-both take the perspective of a s ocially marginalized subgroup in their relationship to the dominant culture.Postcolonial feminist have had well-set ties with black feminists because colonialism usually contains alkalis of racism. Both groups have struggled for recognition, not only by me in their own culture, but also by Western.(Wikipedia).Thus it can be said that Postcolonialism discusses the issues of the women of those areas which were once the colonies of the West and it lumps up together all the women of the world. Feminism raises this agenda that all the women of the world have their own special identity and they should be regarded as independent mortalality apart from their sex and sexuality but postcolonial feminist also see that the fate of non-white and non-western women is different from the women of the west as theses non-white and non-western women are not enjoying the rights as the women of mainstream are enjoying .Postcolonial feminist approach gives rights of raising their voices which were on ce silenced by the colonizers.It can be inferred that as women were doubly colonized in the era of colonization by their own male members of the federation, and these non-white and non-western women were thrice colonized as they were considered less than the white women.(Web)Chapter FivePostcolonial Feminist Approach in Toni Morrisons NovelsLarry Schwartz in his essay compares Toni Morrisons art of writing with William Faulkners art of writing although in her interview Toni Morrison claimed that she is not standardized Faulkner but the deep study of her novels prove this fact.Toni Morrison being an African American writer is considered to be one of the renowned postcolonial feminist writers who touched the very idea of raising voice of repressed group of the black women. Her novels Belovedis considered by many to be her most impressive work of literature to date (winning the Pulitzer Prize in 1988), she has also written many award-winning novels includingThe Bluest Eye, Sula, Song of Solomon, Jazz, Tar Baby,andParadise. LikeBeloved, most of Morrisons work deals with the struggles of African Americans, oddly women (web).The Bluest Eye (1970)Toni Morrison in her novel The Bluest Eye highlights the idea of racism. In the colonial period the legacies of colonialism were consistently bound with racism. In this novel Morrison very clearly depicts the effects of the legacy of 19th century classical racism for pathetic black people in the United States.In the novel the little girl of a deplorable black family, Pecola Breddlove, internalizes white well-worns of debaucher to the extent that she become crazy about it and bore a wish to have profane eyes. The idea is very clear that binary oppositions structured by the Western etiolated class concerning the beauty and ugliness are still at work. Even today we people think to be white is the standard of beauty. In the binary oppositions like man/woman, white/back, Occidental/Oriental, bountiful/poor and such lik e those all the elements on the left of the bar are considered to be the supreme while the elements on the right are marginalized or rendered as Others. Pecola is seen so influenced by these binaries that she tries to escape from this so called or structured ugliness of her own society or race of colour. Her enthusiastic wish for blue eyes comes to stand for her wish to escape the racist, unloving, poor environs in which she lives. For a long time mainstream white Western feminism paid negligible attention to the problem of race.Racism was considered second-string to patriarchy and had been one of the biggest problems of the non-white women. Many white women were of the claim that they did not see dissimilarity or to act upon it. It took a long, hard scuffle by black women to have racism included on the feminist agenda. One of the most moving and influential critiques of white satisfaction came in 1980 from the rotatory black lesbian feminist Audre Lorde By and large within the womens movement today, white women focus upon their oppression as women and ignore difference of race, sexual preference, class and age. There is a pretense to a homogeneity of experience covered by the word sisterhood that does not in fact exist(Lorde, 116)Morrison in the novel tries to explain why Pacola wanted to have blue eyes, let us see the following lines which are taken from Chapter3of the Autumn sectionIt had occurred to Pecola some time ago that if her eyes, those eyes that held the get winds, and knew the sights-if those eyes of hers were different, that is to say, pretty-pretty, she herself would be different here the narrator tells about Pecola not only wanted to have blue eyes to look beautiful but in fact it was her thinking that with blue eyes everything will also change. These blue eye speak about her wish to have casualness not from ugliness of blackness but the ugliness of the dark thoughts and her desires to bring in a change in her black society.Toni Morrison is of the view that beauty and ugliness are the matters of seeing and to be seen and both are relate with eyes. It is a famous saying When you look with loving eyes all the world looks lovely. The same idea is discussed in The Bluest Eyes where Pecola wants to look everything beautiful and to be looked beautifully. Her own community that was colonized are not colonizing Pecola receivable to her blackness though her internal portion was not black as she totally internalized whiteness. The idea is also seen in the Heart of vestige where the symbols of black and white colours depict Conrads point of inward blackness and whiteness. Morrison uses the same technique by showing Pecolas internalizing whiteness.Here it is also clear that inviolable propensity of white women to disrespect racism was an effect of white privilege- a point women of colour were forced to make repeatedlyAs Third World women we clearly have a different relationship to racism than white women, but all of us ar e born into an environment where racism exists. Racism affects all of our lives, but it is only white women who can afford to remain oblivious to these effects. The rest of us have had it lively or bleeding knock down our necks. (Moraga and Anzalda 1981 62)There is another key factor of postcolonial feminism in the novel as Pecola is raped by her own father who did all this in the result of that humiliation that he suffered when he was having sex first time and was humiliated by two white men. Thus patriarchy is seen in this violence which is done to Pecola as she is colonized by her own father. Pecolas rape is the impression of destruction of cultural identity of the Black community.Similarly, the seeds of marigold which did not skin rash is also a depiction of colonization as their own soil did not permit those seeds to bloom as was commented by Claudia, Frieda and hence Pecola which is also a proof of ineligibility of their own black community. Pecola is a hope of decolonizat ion as she wanted to be heard, to be seen beautiful and her illegitimate progeny is a symbol of her wish which was not releaseed to be born.Toni Morrison here wants to depict that Black society was workweek at that as they did not allow Pecola to flourish and this thing compares the novel with Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart where Okonko was not supported by his own clan. on the whole what is done with Pecola is true picture of Black feminism.Sula (1974)In the present novel the female characters are the embodiments of the matriarchal authoritative of women. The novel depicts the social problems that were and are present in the society. Morrison tries to depict that these female characters attenuate the male characters. Eva, Helene, Hannah and Sula all represent such figures which are the driving forces which enclose the plot of the novel.Morrison wants to show that all the members of the society are the important ingredients who add flavor to the society. All the female charact ers are make central in the novel hence this novel proves to be a pure physical exertion of novels of postcolonial feminist novel.According to the post colonial theory the female part must speak back to the so called norms which are carved out by the males. The novel gives an exact example of subaltern can speak as the main character Sula is the symbol of such a person who being a female has power to chose her own way of living as she went away and comes back and proves herself such a person which is needed by the society.The novel shows that all the female characters of the novel are so important part of the Black community and their existence is necessary for bonding the society together. Sula also maintains the interdependence and closeness of the society with its members.Sula will open your eyes to social problems which exist in the present day. The women in the book such as Eva, Helene, Sula and Hannah represent the matriarchal authoritative women, weakening the male character s. Women drive the action in the story and give their importance in the family. They present their importance in the Black community and their existence in bonding it together.Morrison also shows in the novel the dying of blackness when Sula saysYou think I dont get by what your life story is like just because I aint living it? I know what every colored woman in this country is doing.Whats that?Dying., Just like me. But the difference is they dying like a stump. Me, Im going down like one of those redwoods. I sure did live in this world.(143)These words spoken by Sula on her deathbed which she expressed to Nes her thoughts concerning her thoughts about the life styles that was accepted and the positions of women in Medallion. The line speaks dying old system.Sula also establishes the closeness and interdependence of the community with its members. The novels shows that each and every member is just like a spice that gives special flavor and odour to the community and which is esse ntial for the society. In Sula all the characters including Shadrack and the Deweys give every individual importance in the community.Thus Sula proves to be full of such evidences which proves that there are elements of third world feminism in the novel as Suals actions are the alternates of her voices which were silenced before.Chris Weedon in her article Key Issues in Postcolonial Feminism A Western Perspective writes that in 1984 Black American feminist Barbara Smith spoke of being part of a Third World feminist movement And not only am I talking about my sisters here in the United States-American Indian, Latina, Asian American, Arab American-I am also talking about women all over the globethird World Feminism has enriched not just the women it apples to, but also political practice in general(Smith27). Thus the Third World Feminism is giving all the women in particular the Black ones power and confidence to speak and now they are not silenced as were before.(Weedon).The Belove d (1987) The depiction of Morrisons theory of African American mothering articulate in her novels, essays and interviewsMothering is considered to be one of several key points of ideas of postcolonial feminism which is highlight in the present novel The Beloved. The novels is set after theAmerican Civil War(1861-1865), it is inspired by the story of an African-Americanslave,Margaret Garner, who temporarily escaped slavery during 1856 in Kentucky by fleeing to Ohio, afree state. A posse arrived to retrieve her and her children under theFugitive Slave Act of 1850, which gave slave owners the right to pursue slaves across state borders. Margaret killed her two-year-old daughter rather than allow her to be recaptured. (Wikipedia).In the novel Sethe in an attempt to save her children from slavery slaughters her eldest daughter and it is assumed in the novel that her daughter yield as a ghost named Beloved because the same word was incised on the head stone of her grave. The novel depic t the mother daughter relationship which is the one of the central key points of postcolonial feminism.The maternal(p) bonds between Sethe and her children hinder her own individuation and prevent the development of her self. Sethe develops a dangerous maternal passion that results in the murder of one daughter, her own best self, and the alienation of the surviving daughter from the black community, both in an attempt to let off her fantasy of the future, her children, from a life in slavery. However, Sethe fails to recognize her daughter Denvers need for interaction with this community in order to enter into womanhood. Denver in the long run succeeds at the end of the novel in establishing her own self and embarking on her individuation with the help of Beloved. Contrary to Denver, Sethe only becomes individuated after Beloveds exorcism, at which point Sethe can fully accept the first relationship that is completely for her, her relationship with Paul D. This relationship reli eves Sethe from the ensuing destruction of herself that resulted from the maternal bonds controlling her life.( Demetrakopoulos, pp. 51-59)gestation , in Morrisons view, is fundamentally and profoundly an act of resistance, essential and integral to black womens fight against racism and sexism and their ability to achieve well-being for themselves and their culture. The power of motherhood and the empowerment of mothering are what make possible the better world we seek for ourselves and for our children. This, argues OReilly, is Morrisons maternal theory-a politics of the heart.(OReilly)In spite of the mothering, the novel also depicts the theme of slavery and its havoc which is seen as destruction of identity. It also shows the importance of terminology and community solidarity.Toni Morrison also depicts the blackness hidden under the white skins of the White people which is evident from the following line taken from Chapter 19, at the blood of Part II,White people believed that whatever the manners, under every dark skin was a hobo camp. Swift unnavigable waters, swinging screaming baboons, quiescence snakes, red gums ready for their sweet white blood. In a way . . . they were right. . . . But it wasnt the jungle blacks brought with them to this place. . . . It was the jungle whitefolks planted in them. And it grew. It spread . . . until it invaded the whites who had made it. . . . Made them bloody, silly, worse than even they wanted to be, so scared were they of the jungle they had made. The screaming baboon lived under their own white skin the red gums were their own. attendant Paid here consider the ways in which slavery in fact corrupts the identity and he it was the jungle whitefolk planted in them. And it grew and spread. The idea is very clear as is evident in Heart of Darkness where Joseph Conrad tried to say the same thing that the white were black from within and the same idea we find in Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare where Portias picture w as in Lead, a black material, and in Othelo , Iago was white from without and was black from within. Here Morrison tells the same thing that only white fellows were in fact black from within. It is an apt writing back to the White colonizers which is a salient feature of postcolonial feminist writing.ConclusionIt is evident from the above going discussion that Toni Morrisons works are based on the postcolonial feminism in which she very skilfully highlighted the idea of gender, race, sex and identity and similarly she also highlights the concepts of talking back and making a space among white feminism. As the mainstream white feminism at first could not give proper position to non-white and non-Western women , black feminism became able to raise their voice and were able to even write back and hence succeeded in making their own identity.Toni Morrison hence secures a very apt position among the postcolonial feminist who helped these thrice colonized black women to stand up for maki ng their own identity.The above mentioned three novels also show the death of the protagonist. The death in also a theme of Toni Morrisons novels which is also meaningful as the slavery is the destruction of identity which is picture by death of the characters.The above discussed novels cover show many key points of postcolonial feminism.

Thursday, March 28, 2019

The Iliad Essay -- Literary Analysis, Homer

Divine Intervention is a direct and intelligible intervention by a god or goddess in the personal matters of humans. In various myths such as the Iliad, the Epic of Gilgamesh, and Herakles, betoken intervention was c all tolded upon in order to restrain a heros destructive or too powerful forces. Although the divine intervention was utilize to impair different heroes, the purpose to constrain was the same in all the narratives.Homers The Iliad Book XX features a battle in the midst of the Trojans and Achaians, shortly after Patroklus death (Lattimore Book XVI), where the gods must intervene in order to restrain Achilleus destructive nature that becomes amplified due to the grief and irritation as a result of the loss of his cousin/lover. The divine foresaw an ahead of time fall of Troy caused by the intensified destructive nature of Achilleus, therefore they interfered in the battle to protect a bigger ideal of fate, a fate of a nation, by manipulating smaller ideals of fate, the fates of peoples lives(Lattimore 405). At the beginning of the battle, after the gods descended from Olympus, they decide to sit and just watch how their deathlike teams will fend for themselves until Apollo takes form as Lykoan and coerce Aeneias to challenge Achilleus, then establishing the first act of divine intervention (Lattimore 406-407). When Achilleus is inches away from killing Aeneias, Poseidon takes benignity upon him and whisks him off to safety (Lattimore 407-411). The last interference occurs during the confrontation between Hektor and Achilleus, where Achilleus is somewhat to murder him and Apollo saves Hektor (Lattimore 416). Hektors rescue in this battle is an important pillow slip in the Iliad because Achilleus and Hektors fates are interrelated, further meaning that if Hektor die... ...uring the 8th vitamin C BC and Herakles is the most present, dating at early 5th ampere-second BC. Observing these myths, it can be concluded that the gods involvement in these stories slack and become less dynamic as they near present times. In the Epic of Gilgamesh, the furthest from present time, the divine intervention was evenly distributed, speech up various gods, and found in the beginning, middle, and the end of the Sumerian epic. The Iliad, although the gods were active in the Book XX, didnt have much previous occupation throughout the Iliad because Zeus had banned divine interference (Lattimore 404). Herakles represented a very active Hera doing everything possible to hinder Herakles efforts, but it was mainly center on her. Even though the gods and goddesses helped Herakles accomplish his labors, Heras role was the focal point of the divine intervention.

income :: essays research papers

With the average American having a disposable income of $28,277, it is no wonder America has become the consumer nation that it is nowadays (census.gov). In the past nine months American economy has attestn an economic maturement of 5.6%. Improvements in work industry are providing higher-paying, more than permanent jobs than before, with less(prenominal) than 10% of new jobs created in 2005 being temporary (economist.com). With better usage opportunities and steady economic growth, America will become even more of a consumer culture than it is today. Mark Hertsgaard observes a more compassionate gradient of America when he describes consumer spending post 9/11. But the attacks to a fault engendered a new seriousness among the American people, a turning past from self-indulgence and material things in favor of spiritual values and run to others (Hertsgaard 40). The 9/11 attacks left Americans with feelings of sympathy and remorse, as well as a feeling of unity that was share d byout the country. Hertsgaard stated that later on the attacks, the consequent drop in consumer spending turned the economy into an straight-out recession (Hertsgaard 40). While the economy itself unarguably suffered an obvious and drastic decline, Americans did not waste much time before they used the attacks on the introduction Trade Center as a means to make a profit. Millions of products advertised as 9/11 memorabilia were suddenly being exchange everywhere. These items were announced as apparent ways for Americans to show their unity and patriotism, as well as their loyalty and support for their country. Sweatshirts, posters, burnt umber mugs, and just about anything that could somehow display images or messages were applicable to be sold as keepsakes from the tragic event. While a day as disastrous and devastating as 9/11 left most(prenominal) of America with feelings of grief, especially for those who had lost loved ones, the American Dream was faraway from being fo rgotten. The American Dream holds different meanings for different individuals, depending on their avouch opinions and perceptions. Despite the fact that this phrase holds not one particular meaning, and is a somewhat varied idea, its accepted interpretation includes achieving prosperity through hard work, courage and determinationNaturally, Americans strive to be the best they can be, regardless of what it is they are doing. It is normal for a somebody in any profession to desire a promotion, which is a learn route to their actual goal a higher salary. Lee Price, of the economic Policy Institute, holds an opinion which contrasts Hertsgaards idea that the 9/11 attacks were alone responsible for the economic decline.

Wednesday, March 27, 2019

A street Car Named Desire :: essays papers

A street Car Named DesireBlanches Magic gone twistBlanche is a woman who desires a new life. She is an pariah to society and turns to her sister Stella for help. She needs a way out from her discourage life. This is why she comes to New Orleans. She feels a new opportunity is around the inlet and maybe even a new life. Blanche has no place unexpended to turn and her past catches up to her.Blanche is a very confused woman. She doesnt even know herself what she really wants. From the point her husband pulled the trigger Blanche has matt-up nothing but despair and desire. She turned to anything that made her feel give and unfortunately it was prostitution. She lost her and Stellas house and acts like it wasnt her fault. She arrives at New Orleans looking for a new life and soulfulness to complain and wine to, this being her sister. She has no place left to go but Stellas house this is her only opportunity to start over.When Blanche arrives everything starts bump off pretty smooth ly. She doesnt have a big problem with Stanley hitherto and her sister is happy to see her. Its only until her past starts to be told is when the cark begins. Stanley gets very upset at Blanche for losing the house and thinks that she is cheating Stella. This of coarse makes Stanley hate Blanche and he is now determined to undermine her and then make her leave. He knows she is not up to any straightforward and this is proven when she becomes involved with Mitch. When Blanche and Mitch acquire sparks fly and we as the reader think this is the start to a good relationship, something that both these characters need. Blanche really likes Mitch and she things this could be a

A Comparison of the Power of Will in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse N

The personnel of Will in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse direct The tommyrot of Heart of Darkness was adapted to film after galore(postnominal) failed attempts. (Hearts of Darkness, Coppala E.). Fin each(prenominal)y, theater director Francis Coppala collaborated with his friend whoremaster Milius on writing a inter fit for Conrads masterpiece. The two came up with Apocalypse Now, utilizing a more new-madeistic tantrum than the original story which was based in imperialistic Europe. The modern scope was that of the Vietnam war. Apocalypse Now focuses on the insanity of a decorate phalanx colonial. Kurtz intended to enlighten the natives, but instead he circums to the ancient temptations of the jungle and goes insane. (Hearts of Darkness, Coppala E.) The fiction of Joseph Conrad, as seen in Heart of Darkness, represents the teachings of the German philosopher and escapist Arthur Schopenhauer. Schopenhauer fancy of the universe of discourse as having two distin ct entities, both of which ar separate of the whole world. First, there is the world of representation or appearance. This is the phenomenal world which is made of tangible objects. For Schopenhauer the second entity macrocosm the thing-in-itself is will, and is the endeavour of everything. hoarfrost. The phenomenal world world of representation is merely an image it mirrors the will, the real world. (Sahakian). Schopenhauer, being of demoralised views, argued will to be a force that both creates any and destroys all in its insatiable demand for More More of what it does not know it besides knows that it wants more. (Palmer). completely human actions argon a result of will. As seen through the fictional character of Kurtz, the world of will manifestates suffering, evil, and insanity into the world of perception. There are m... ..., Francis Copala, and John Milius. Paramount, 1989. Palmer, Donald. Looking at ism The Unbearable Heaviness of Philosophy make Lighter. 198 8. Mountain View, CA Mayfield Publishing Company, 1994. Sahakian William S. History of Philosophy. sassy York, Barnes and noble Books, 1968. Schopenhauer, Arthur. Essays and Aphorisms. Trans. R. J. Hollingdale. New York, Penguin Books, 1970. Works Consulted Boyle, Ted E. Symbolism and Meaning in the Fiction of Joseph Conrad. 1965. Folcroft, PA The Folcroft Press, 1969. Johnson, Bruce. Conrad?s Models of Mind. Minneapolis Minnesota UP, 1971. Murfin, Ross C. Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness A Case content in Contemporary Criticism. New York St. Martin?s Press, 1989. Wollaeger, Mark A. Joseph Conrad and the Fictions of Skepticism. Stanford, CA Stanford UP, 1990. A compare of the Power of Will in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse NThe Power of Will in Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now The story of Heart of Darkness was adapted to film after many failed attempts. (Hearts of Darkness, Coppala E.). Finally, director Francis Coppala collaborated with his frien d John Milius on writing a screen play for Conrads masterpiece. The two came up with Apocalypse Now, utilizing a more modern setting than the original story which was based in imperialistic Europe. The modern setting was that of the Vietnam war. Apocalypse Now focuses on the insanity of a decorated military colonial. Kurtz intended to enlighten the natives, but instead he circums to the primal temptations of the jungle and goes insane. (Hearts of Darkness, Coppala E.) The fiction of Joseph Conrad, as seen in Heart of Darkness, represents the teachings of the German philosopher and idealist Arthur Schopenhauer. Schopenhauer thought of the world as having two distinct entities, both of which are parts of the whole world. First, there is the world of representation or appearance. This is the phenomenal world which is made of tangible objects. For Schopenhauer the second entity being the thing-in-itself is will, and is the cause of everything. Frost. The phenomenal world world of repr esentation is merely an image it mirrors the will, the real world. (Sahakian). Schopenhauer, being of pessimistic views, argued will to be a force that both creates all and destroys all in its insatiable demand for More More of what it does not know it only knows that it wants more. (Palmer). All human actions are a result of will. As seen through the character of Kurtz, the world of will manifestates suffering, evil, and insanity into the world of perception. There are m... ..., Francis Copala, and John Milius. Paramount, 1989. Palmer, Donald. Looking at Philosophy The Unbearable Heaviness of Philosophy Made Lighter. 1988. Mountain View, CA Mayfield Publishing Company, 1994. Sahakian William S. History of Philosophy. New York, Barnes and Noble Books, 1968. Schopenhauer, Arthur. Essays and Aphorisms. Trans. R. J. Hollingdale. New York, Penguin Books, 1970. Works Consulted Boyle, Ted E. Symbolism and Meaning in the Fiction of Joseph Conrad. 1965. Folcroft, PA The Folcroft Pr ess, 1969. Johnson, Bruce. Conrad?s Models of Mind. Minneapolis Minnesota UP, 1971. Murfin, Ross C. Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism. New York St. Martin?s Press, 1989. Wollaeger, Mark A. Joseph Conrad and the Fictions of Skepticism. Stanford, CA Stanford UP, 1990.

Tuesday, March 26, 2019

Babe Ruth :: essays research papers

Babe condolenceDate Born February 6, 1895 turn up Baltimore, bloody shamelandDate Died August 16, 1948Place New York, New YorkEarly Family Background George Herman shame Jr., aka Babe ruth had eight other brothers and sisters, but only him and his sister Mamie survived. His parents names were Kate and George Herman shame. commiserations father was a bartender and his mother helped at their tavern. poignancys parents made no time for him so they sent him to St. Marys Industrial School for Boys.Adult LifeHelen Woodford matrimonial on October 17, 1914 in Ellicott City, Maryland. In 1921, they adopted a little girl named Dorothy. Jan 11, 1929, Helen died in a fire of suffocation. About 3 months later, on April 17, 1929, Babe married Claire Hodgson in New York. In 1930, Babe adopted Claires little girl Julia & Claire adopted Babes daughter Dorothy.Significant AccomplishmentsBabes record of 714 homers was only beaten by Hank Aaron in 1974. In 1932, Ruth did his famous called shot, where he pointed to the centerfield bleachers and hit his homerun in that same direction. When the Babe was with the Yankees they won a total of 7 pennants and 4 world championships from 1920 1933. Feb 2, 1936 Babe became look at member of Baseball Hall of Fame.Other Points of Interest*Babe Ruth got his name from when his new legal guardian Jack Dunn brought him to see the players, they express Heres Jacks newest Babe The name stuck so throughout his life he was called Babe Ruth.*Babe retired from baseball on June 2, 1935 from the Boston Braves*In 1946, Babe was diagnosed with throat cancer and he died on August 16, 1948.

Significant People During the Industrial Revolution Essay -- History E

momentous People During the Industrial RevolutionAs the Industrial Revolution was occurring, legion(predicate) changes were occurring. Workers were not receiving fair interposition. They were working long hours and getting paid genuinely little money. The working class felt that they were not receiving equal treatment and equal pay for what they were offering to society. Yet some individuals, such as the owners of companies, were profiting from this movement. But the inequalities that existed caused Marx, along with Engels, to write the Communist Manifesto. Karl Marx was a man who urged workers to apologise the simple laws of morals and justice, which ought to govern the relations of private individuals, as the rules preponderant of the intercourse of nations.i After Marx wrote the account, other people were moved by this forebode for a change with revolution and decided to act upon their feelings that supported the documents concepts. Rosa Luxemburg was a Marxist who responded to the concept of revolution. She was in prison at the prison term when she wrote a pamphlet on the Russian Revolution. She believed that the revolution needed to defend itself in order to survive. Luxemburg stresses her line of products and acts responsibly toward the evils of societyHer fundamental belief was twofold that the only good means in the hands of the proletarian revolution were the kindling of basal idealism, which can be maintained over any length of time only through the intensively active life of the masses themselves chthonian conditions of unlimited political freedom and that under such conditions-above all worldwide electionsunrestricted freedom of press and assembly a free try of opinion-the active participation of the ma... ...kes, Steven, Marxism and Morality, 106.v Vladimir Lenin-April 25 1891, Lenin collects, http//www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/photo/1921/011.htmvi DeGeorge, Richard T. Soviet Ethics and Morality. (Ann Arbor PaperbacksThe University of Michigan Press, 1969), 21. vii DeGeorge, Richard T, Soviet Ethics and Morality, 24.viii Lukes, Steven, Marxism and Morality, 23.ix Joseph Stalin Reference Archive, Biography, x DeGeorge, Richard T, Soviet Ethics and Morality, 5.xi Age of Industry, The Development of Western Civilization, http//history.evansville.net/industry.htmlxii Felix Silverio. The Luddites, 28 September 1999,

Monday, March 25, 2019

Legality vs. Human Bonding in A Jury of Her Peers Essay -- A Jury of H

In "A Jury of Her Peers" Susan Glaspell shows how human bond can override legalities that society has. This is shown by Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters bonding with Minnie by understanding her daily life as they are in her home. The 2 women feel a connection with Minnie because their lives are very like to that of hers. By the two women understanding and having a connection with Minnie they notice the small trifles that leads to them decision evidence and motive for Minnie murdering her husband. Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters were only in Minnies home for a short period of time yet this revealed to them that Minnie was much like them. As Mrs. Hale was leaving her house to go with the others to Minnies house she noticed something in her kitchen. "It was no nondescript thing that called her away -- it was probably further from ordinary than anything that had ever happened in Dickson county. But what her eye took in was that her kitchen was in no shape for leaving her bread ready for mixing, fractional the flour sifted and half unsifted." (paragraph 1). Later while at Minnies house, Mrs. Hale noticed something very similar "She looked around the kitchen. Certainly it was not slicked up. Her eye was held by a bucket of sugar on a low shelf. The cover was shoot the wooden bucket, and beside it was a paper bag --- half full. Mrs. Hale go toward it. She was putting this in there, she said to herself -- slowly." (paragraph 108). Mrs. Hale and Minnie ar...