Consumer Buying Behavior of Hybrid Vehicles Essay

Introduction 1 Background of the Study With the shine pollution level rising day by day caused by the liberation from conventional fomites, many a(prenominal) government bodies have put in childbed to en tycoon emission control policy since the late of 1960, and it is becoming harsh with the EURO committee macrocosm the leader until today, whither their emission policy and grading corpse creation accepted or referenced worldwide even in Malaysia. The grading system based of emission cleanliness as of today is from Euro 1 to Euro 6, w here Euro 1 being the worst emission standard and Euro 6 being the environmental friendly.This is the scene where intimately modern fomites atomic number 18 togted with catalytic converter since late 1975, a simple device that crumb curtail the deadly emission such as un-burn hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide by converting them into cleaner substances such as oxygen and hydrogen through chemical accelerator pedal ensnare within (Tony & A ndrew, 2006). The effect of this is that the rise of the awareness of provoke efficiency, as many will further relate that if burn down efficiency layabout be increased, then the emission can be further improved, as wellhead as to reduce wastage.Many elevator car makers has since then began development of burn down in effect(p) engine in order to make a stand, and then lead to the trend of Hybrid electric automobile Vehicle (HEV). 2 paradox Statement that, emission is only matchless environmental factor as there is other factor which some(prenominal)ers a driver financial aspect, the terminate and its prices. No matter the go off is expensive and cheap, if one can trigger further with a given set amount of fuel, then one can certainly save him/her some money (Tony & Andrew, 2006).And seat to the environmental area, fossil fuel is non-renewable energy resources and depletion is certainly inevitable. This is why in youthful years, many western automobile makers star ted to look into building fuel efficient vehicles, by building fuel efficient engines through various ways, most notably by downsizing the engine displacement and compensate it with force induction such as low pressure turbocharger. The effect of this carrying into action is that using a smaller capacity engine but can achieve the power delivery of a high capacity engine, provided with lower fuel usance.However back in the eastern automobile indus travail, where the Japanese being the leader they had something else in mind, not only they wanted fuel efficiency but at the same time they wished to increase the go green pattern. Henceforth they come up with the idea of interbreeding vehicle, where in general terms a vehicle is ply by 2 sources of input, which is a normal internal combustion engine, supported by an additional electrical motor which requires special battery camp.The advantages of this murder is that the fuel exercise and emission is superior over the formal, while the drawback is the maintenance and terms of replacement for faulty battery pack is very expensive. With the intercrossed being the hot trend now given the promising sales figures from European countries and the USA, in the main the maintenance factor is not an issue for them, however in this research we need to find out the factors that influence a vendee into considering, buying a crisscross vehicle over here in Malaysia, as the interbreeding trend is still very new here in Malaysia, generally starting on the year of 2006 where Honda introduces Civic Hybrid.However with the recent tax exemption on interbreedingisation vehicles from the Malaysia government, the trend seems to be changing positively and now we have several models from Honda and Toyota to offer in response to the policy. 3 research Objectives a) What are the factors that influence consumer into considering a loanblend vehicle? b) What are the factors that support consumer into buying a hybrid vehicle? c) What are the factors that consumer worries about when purchasing a hybrid vehicle? 4 Significance of the Study This study into the factors that accept the buying conclusiveness of hybrid vehicles in Malaysia could project the trend and bankers acceptance of hybrid vehicles here in Malaysia. With that information, local automobile makers can consider into developing our own hybrid vehicles to offer the local markets a broader choice, as well as to bewilder competitive in the market. Additionally, this will be a good catalyst to spark off Go Green concept into consumers mind that is practiced to the restoration and perseverance of the environment.5 Scope of the Study In this research, we will first take a general look and introduction into both the low pressure force induction engineering and the hybrid technology further then compare and contrast the pros and cons in detail. With both concept understood, we will begin to focus on the trend of hybrid vehicles here in Malaysia, finding out the factors that support or deter the acceptance of hybrid vehicle through questionnaire aimed at hybrid owners and potential hybrid owners, from then we can know what are the main factors and concern of emptor upon making a decision for a hybrid vehicle, and then intermit what can be done to further increase the acceptance level of hybrid vehicles.Literature Review According to Markel & Simpson (2006), the implementation of hybrid electric vehicles can effectively reduce petroleum consumption up to 30% when compared to conventional vehicle, however a fully plug-in hybrid electric vehicle shall be undergo development to further improve the savings and reduce the wastage, as current hybrid electric vehicles uses electric motor powered by battery pack to assist the engine, which is costly when one postulate to replace, and it did not provide much desired power.The manufacturer can of rail put in a bigger battery pack to thrust out better power and durability, but wit h every 15% of progress the cost is nearly doubled.This issue is also mentioned before way back in year 2001, where the development of hybrid vehicles began with the aim in providing a superior fuel efficiency vehicles with minimal wastage and pollutants emitted, in prior to dole out two major problems (Allella et al, 2001) a) Consumption of fuel World petroleum reserves and residues are unlikely able to sustain against the ever growing exigency of consumption b) Pollution Generally referred to the harmful emission that can pervert the environmental health.The most common hybrid vehicle design is prime within the famous Japanese automobile makers, respectively the Honda & the Toyota. The idea is to fit an electric motor powered by a battery pack that will recharge itself using the lost energy during the braking procedure, to assist a smaller capacity conventional engine in acceleration. With the motor assistant, the engine need not work and rev up that hard to quarter the veh icle moving therefore fuel consumption can be lowered. When certain conditions are met, the vehicles may also run solely on the electric motor itself most probably during low make haste cruising. putting the vehicle design aside, as stated by Kuo & Wang (2011), the disciplinal in driving, as well as the climate is major factor in simplification fuel consumption. Kuo & Wang pointed out that in countries that have tropical climate, such as those near to the equator, tend to have higher fuel consumption index compared to other countries with 4 seasons climate, this is mainly due to the fact that fuel burns better and more efficient when the air temperature is colder, as colder air is more dense and henceforth carries more oxygen molecules.Other than that, since the temperature is generally high throughout the year for tropical climate countries, drivers tend to electric switch on the air-conditioner (A/C) most of the time to withstand the hot weather, and A/C draws power from the en gine to power up the compressor and cooling coil, therefore it results in loss of power from engine and leads to higher fuel consumption. On the disciplinary side, traveling below or way above the optimum speed of a vehicle, usually around 90KM/H to 110KM/H will affect the fuel consumption, where most drivers tend to speed when the chances arise.One should also try to plan their traveling route ahead, in order to avoid inessential traffic congestion which can result in poor fuel consumption, as start-stop driving proven to have 60% increased fuel consumption compared to smooth non-stop driving. This is generally experienced by most drivers that they can achieve better mileage if they travel on the highway often. Research methodology 1 Theoretical Framework pic 2 Generation of scheme Assume thata) H0 = Null Hypothesis (No birth among IV & DV) b) H1 = alternating(a) Hypothesis (Significant relationship between IV & DV) H1 H0 there is no relationship between maintenance and le veraging decision of hybrid vehicles. H1 There is satisfying relationship between maintenance and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H2 H0 There is no relationship between fuel consumption and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H1 There is material relationship between fuel consumption and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H3 H0 There is no relationship between tax exemption and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H1 There is significant relationship between tax exemption and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H4 H0 There is no relationship between individual(prenominal) view and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. H1 There is significant relationship between personal view and purchase decision of hybrid vehicles. Conclusion In conclusion, no matter it is partial hybrid or fully plug-in hybrid, the main objectives are to prolong the sustainability of petroleum through improved fuel consumption.By vent green, the hybrid technology can also help in reducing wastage and guarantee cleaner emission that can contribute to better environmental health and quality. Therefore with all the benefits and savings, we should try to adopt and embrace the implementation of hybrid vehicles. However, there is still room for improvement given the hybrid technology is still new within a decade of time. political relation should come out with policy that can help greatly in promoting the adaptation of this green technology. Reference1) Allella et al, (2001), Negative Log-gamma Distribution for Data question Modeling in Reliability Analysis of Complex dust Methodology and Robustness, outside(a) Journal of Quality and Reliability heed, Vol. 18, Napoli, Italy. 2) Allela et al, (2005), Optimal Reliability parceling Under Uncertain Conditions With Application to Hybrid Vehicle Design Online, International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol. 22, Napoli, Italy. Available from (www. emeraldinsight. com/0265-671X. htm) Accessed Ju ne 6 2011 3) Apaydin O.& Gonullu MT, (2008), Emission guarantee With Route Optimization In Solid Waste Collection Process, Vol. 33, Sadhana. 4)Davis S. & Diegel S, (2004), transit Energy Databook, 24th Edition. 5) Duval M, (2004), Advanced Batteries for Electric Drive Vehicles, EPRI. 6) Hirsch et al, (2005), Peaking of World embrocate Production Impracts, Risks, and Mitigation. 7) Kuo Y. & Wang CC, (2011), Optimizing the VRP by Minimizing Fuel Consumption Online, International Journal of Management of Environmental Quality, Vol.22. Available from (www. emeraldinsight. com/1477-7835. htm) Accessed 8 June 2011 8) Markel T. & Simpson A, (2005), Energy Storage Considerations for Grid-Charged Hybrid Electric Vehicles, IEEE Vehicular Technologies Conference, Chicago, IL. 9) Markel T. & Simpson A, (2006), Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle Energy Storage System Design Online, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, available from (http//www. nrel. gov/vehiclesandfuels/vsa/pdfs/39614. pdf) Ac cessed 8 June 2011.