The division of labour Essay Example for Free

The division of labour EssayBut with five men specializing in their respective trades, they argon not only open to provide sufficient pins for themselves, but as well as a surplus is generated from the mass production of the pin. As a result, manuf fleckurers are able to keep up with the demands of a populated society. The division of labour clearly serves as an advantage to the economy. Smith undercoats that the division of labour originates from mans tendency to barter (317). Smiths saying, Give me that which I requisite, and you sh all present this which you want (318), accurately expresses mans method of attaining his needs. Man trades in self-interest but depends on others co-operation and assistance (318) to do so. The more than man trades, the more wealth he acquires. Since the division on labour allows man to produce spacious amounts of surplus, he has the advantage to trade his surplus for a wealth of personal items. For example, a husbandman who cultivates an n imiety amount of apples trades part of the surplus to a baker who in turn, provides the farmer with fresh bread. He withal trades a large amount of the surplus to a grocer who pays him back with a large sum of m superstary. The farmer becomes wealthy.The quantities produced through the division of labour multiply exponentially. According to Karl Marx, the division of labour occurs between the capitalistic and the proletarian. The bourgeois are a wealthy, dominant class interested in the trade of markets. European colonization during the midst Ages allowed new markets (like Chinas gunpowder market or East Indias salt market) for the bourgeois to trade with. In Europe, the government agency of the Modern Industry caused the demands of the population ever rising (449). Consequently, the markets kept ever growing (449).The bourgeois, experienced in international trade, were able to handle the growing European economy. Wealthy from their international trades, the bourgeois plume up giant factories using proletarians, low class workers, for the manual labour of the production of goods. The large amount of compile labour allowed the bourgeois to keep up with the populations growing demand. The influence of the modern industry forces the proletarians to work with machinery, obliterating all distinctions of labour, and nearly everywhere reduces the wages to the same low level (454).To the bourgeois, the poor labourers who must sell themselves piece-meal, are a commodity (452). Due to the low wages paid by the bourgeois, the proletarians can only nutriment their existence. Neither luxuries nor freedom are affordable. For example, culture-a luxury-is a proletarians loss which he laments (459). Without it, these labourers without option are forced to act as a machine (459). While the bourgeois have independence because of their wealth, the poor proletarians are open and have no individuality (458).With their freedom denied by the bourgeois, the proletarians congre gate nation-wide into a Trade Union to revolt a make believest the egoistical bourgeois-The abolition of bourgeois individuality, bourgeois independence, and bourgeois freedom is undoubtedly aimed at (458). The bourgeois, threatened by the proletarians, have no choice but to grant them better living conditions. From the division of labour between the proletarians and the bourgeois, several(a) characteristics of gay disposition are illustrated.A main characteristic is the dependence which humans have for one another, no matter their societal status. In Communist Manifesto, we witness the bourgeois depend on the proletarians. The proletarians in turn depend on the bourgeois for a source of income. Another characteristic is the greed shown by the bourgeois. In an attempt to accumulate as much wealth as possible, the bourgeois pay the proletarians a smaller amount of what they deserve. The bourgeois care only for the proletarians existence because they provide the bourgeois with wea lth. Humans also need freedom to live.The consequences of denying freedom are dangerous, as witnessed with the proletarians-they destroy imported wares that compete with their labour, the smash to pieces machinery, they set factories ablaze until they restore by force the vanished status of the workman of the Middle Ages (453). Dependence, greed, and freedom are characteristics of human nature. If these characteristics are manipulated or ignored, destructive events could occur, as described by Marx in Communist Manifesto. The men, in calculate of an effective ideology, present their different views on human nature.Human nature is the basis upon which the men reason the causes of the division of labour. Since their perspectives are not identical, their reasons of the causes of the division of labour also are not identical. Rousseau sees human nature as progressive. From basic instincts come the ability to reason, and from reason comes the division of society. The inequality in the d ivision consequently leads to the slow corruption of the society. Smith, on the other hand, sees the division of labour as an advantage to the economy because it stems from an immanent tendency to trade.Marx sees the presence of the division of labour due to the innate vices that enkindle society. Out of greed, the bourgeois gain from the poor proletarians whom they depend on. But the proletarians retaliate and regain their essential freedom. While the men fail to look a suitable ideology that gladly accommodates the vices of human nature, we witness the true power of its vices as it persists to plague man. Work Cited Cohen, Mitchell and Nicole Fermon, ed. Princeton Readings in Political Thought. Princeton, New Jersey Princeton University Press, 1996.